考拉呆萌又貪睡，是因為中了毒？

大熊貓其實並不愛吃竹子？

啄木鳥差點得了腦震盪？

我們今天看到的動物，歷經漫長的進化才倖存下來，都是真的勇士！

它們有的身體構造奇特，行動不便；有的保持奇葩的癖好，過著蠢萌的生活；有的身懷“絕技”，關鍵時刻卻派不上什麼用場。
進化帶來的種種缺陷，造就了動物們有趣的生活。
 







今泉忠明，1944年生於日本東京都，畢業於東京水產大學（現東京海洋大學），之後在日本國立科學博物館從事哺乳動物分類及生態學研究，現任靜岡縣伊東市貓咪博物館館長。曾參與日本文部省（現文部科學省）國際生物學事業計劃、日本列島綜合調查等。著有《猛獸島大逃亡》《貓語大辭典》等多部科普作品。本書在日本出版后大受讀者歡迎，系列銷量超過300萬冊，已被NHK電視台改編為同名動畫片。

序·····························································································2
【第1章】關於進化，你要知道的事
什麼是進化？·············································································12
一起來瞭解進化的歷史吧！···························································14
進化之路險峻崎嶇·······································································16
那麼，人類也會滅絕嗎？······························································18
危機也會成為進化的契機？！························································20
在地球上得以倖存的秘訣······························································22

【第2章】讓人遺憾的身體
鴕鳥的腦子比眼睛小····································································26
河馬的皮膚非常嬌弱····································································27
毛鼻袋熊的便便是方形的······························································28
螢火蟲大部分都不發光·································································29
土狼作為一種鬣狗，卻長了一口爛牙················································30
小提琴甲蟲翅膀上的膜毫無意義·····················································31
鴨嘴獸像出汗一樣分泌乳汁···························································32
金鐘兒用腳來聽聲音····································································33
北極熊的皮膚是黑色的·································································34
鰹魚一旦興奮起來，身上的條紋就會改變方向·····································36
紅毛猩猩打架厲不厲害，從臉頰就能看出來········································37
孔雀長長的尾羽很礙事·································································38
鍬形蟲擁有發達的上顎，生活卻很困難·············································39
鰻魚黑色的身體其實是被曬黑的·····················································40
電鰻的肛門長在脖子上·································································41
角菊頭蝠的鼻子形狀很奇怪···························································42
白雪燈蛾的求偶器官造型奇特························································43
日本獼猴屁股越紅越受歡迎···························································44
土豚的身體很結實，腦袋卻非常脆弱···············································46
鱷魚張嘴的力量還不如老爺爺的握力···············································47
斑點楔齒蜥有三隻眼睛，但很難看出來············································48
玻璃蛙的內臟透過身體看得一清二楚···············································49
裸海蝶進食時，頭部會裂開··························································50
鹿豚的上獠牙中看不中用·····························································51
眼鏡猴的眼睛超級大，卻不能轉動·················································52
豉甲的眼睛可以看上看下，就是看不到前面······································53
火烈鳥的紅色身體其實是食物造成的···············································54
鱟的腦子像甜甜圈······································································56
提燈蠟蟬的大腦袋裡什麼也沒有·····················································57
犀牛的角其實是個疙瘩································································58
一角鯨的角其實是犬齒································································59
平胸龜的腦袋太大，無法縮進殼裡··················································60
大食蟻獸因為爪子太大，無法好好走路············································61
水母的嘴巴也是肛門··································································62
海星進食時，會把胃吐出來··························································63
三趾樹懶遇上連綿雨天會餓死·······················································64
胡蜂的成蟲從幼蟲那裡獲得食物····················································66
棱皮龜的口腔裡長滿了肉刺··························································67
馬尾蜂的產卵管很礙事································································68
高腳蟹的腳太長，甚至因此在蛻殼中死亡·········································69
黑喉潛鳥有腳，卻不會走路··························································70
鴞鸚鵡胖得飛不起來···································································71
大王酸漿魷的眼睛是世界上最大的，卻沒什麼用································72
大象上了年紀後，牙齒會磨損掉光·················································73
小龍蝦的體色會隨食物變化··························································74
進化劇場①大象鼻子長的原因·····················································76

【第3章】讓人遺憾的生活方式
雌藪犬倒立著小便······································································80
袋鼠寶寶被強制著吸奶································································81
浣熊其實很少浣洗食物································································82
鼩鼱3小時不吃飯就會餓死····························································83
帝企鵝將蛋放在腳上孵化2個月······················································84
雄性密刺角會變成雌魚身上的疙瘩··················································85
海參遇襲時會排出內臟································································86
臭鼬放的屁越臭越受歡迎·····························································87
傘蜥遇敵時只會威嚇···································································88
兔子會嘴對著肛門吃自己的便便·····················································90
蟻獅從不排便············································································91
大葦鶯撫養殺子仇人···································································92
爆炸螞蟻為趕走敵人會自爆··························································93
蜉蝣的成蟲壽命僅有2個小時·························································94
食卵蛇只吃鳥蛋·········································································95
北極地松鼠1年中一半以上時間都在睡覺···········································96
海鞘成體過固著生活···································································97
負鼠遭遇襲擊時會裝死································································98
雄舞虻送給雌性的禮物是空的·······················································100
雌蓑蛾一生都蝸居在蓑囊中··························································101
二星龜金花蟲用糞便擊退敵人·······················································102
十七年蟬弄錯了羽化年份，就會淒慘地死去······································103
尖嘴柱頜針魚看到光就興奮，夜晚會誤入船中···································104
日本黑褐蟻容易被當成奴隸使喚····················································105
啄木鳥啄樹就像人腦在撞車··························································106
大猩猩心思敏感，經常腹瀉··························································107
軍艦鳥經常掠奪其他鳥類的食物····················································109
牛每天要流180升口水································································110
菜粉蝶的幼蟲一吃捲心菜，就會遇襲··············································111
屎殼郎一生鍾愛大便··································································112
田鼈的雄性守護卵，雌性破壞卵····················································113
藏酋猴打架靠猴崽來勸架····························································114
海豚睡著的話會溺死··································································115
雄螳螂常被雌螳螂吃掉·······························································116
蜂鳥如果停止汲取花蜜，就會餓死·················································117
考拉整天睡覺，是因為中了桉樹的劇毒···········································118
沙漠蝗吃同類···········································································120
儷蝦終生囚禁在牢籠裡································································121
日本弓背蟻最愛喝蚜蟲的小便·······················································122
小蚜蟲剛出生就懷孕了································································123
貘屁股不沾水就拉不出大便··························································124
金槍魚一旦停止游泳，就會窒息而死··············································125
海獺如果不持續進食就會凍死·······················································126
禿頭鸚鵡的禿頭有損作為鸚鵡的風姿··············································127
大熊貓每天都在吃的竹葉，幾乎沒什麼營養······································128
進化劇場②超級愛吃魚的海豹·····················································130

【第4章】讓人遺憾的能力
溝齒鼠的毒液沒什麼用································································134
古氏龜蟾不會跳也不會游，入水就會淹死·········································135
異色瓢蟲難吃到鳥會吐出來··························································136
科莫多巨蜥的口腔特別髒·····························································137
變色龍變色全看心情··································································138
金烏賊可以巧妙地變色，自己卻是色盲···········································139
金花鼠的尾巴很容易斷，而且無法再生···········································140
孤狼聽起來很酷，其實過得很苦····················································142
睡鼠在冬眠中醒來會喪命····························································143
蜜罐蟻儲存了一肚子的蜜，自己卻吃不了········································144
藍鯨竟然打不過虎鯨··································································145
冠海豹的鼻子會膨脹成氣球·························································146
鱷冰魚在超過3℃的海水中會窒息而死············································147
蜂蜜其實是蜜蜂的嘔吐物····························································148
黑猩猩不會說話都是拜喉嚨的構造所賜···········································149
99．99%的翻車魚都無法長大························································150
蠍子在紫外線下會發光，但毫無用處··············································152
鼯鼠很不擅長從樹上下來····························································153
鼴鼠挖隧道的速度和蝸牛的爬行速度差不多·····································154
水蚤遇險時頭部會長角，但收效甚微··············································155
椿象會被自己的味道臭暈····························································156
蜘蛛會乘風飛行，把一切交給命運·················································157
沙漠角蜥陷入危險時，眼睛會噴血·················································158
花園鰻打架磨磨唧唧的·······························································160
水熊蟲在隱生狀態下生命力超絕····················································161
海馬的最高時速只有1．5m····························································162
裸鼴鼠淋了尿，就會失去生育能力·················································163
小食蟻獸的威嚇一點也不可怕·······················································164
潛魚寄居在海參的肛門裡·····························································165
蒼蠅用腳試嘗味道·····································································166
跳蚤擅長跳躍，卻站不起來··························································167
獵豹在速度上特化過度，戰鬥力卻很弱············································168
進化劇場③夜行動物蝙蝠的故事·················································170

【翻頁動畫小劇場】
大食蟻獸的長舌頭·································································25～75
輕輕搖晃的蓑蛾··································································79～129
變化無常的金烏賊······························································133～169